| Model | Real inbox, real delivery | Sandbox — mail intercepted, never delivered |
| Tests real SMTP path | Yes — DNS, MX, queuing, spam filtering all real | No — bypasses real delivery by design |
| Safe for “don’t email real users” staging | Use unique test addresses | Yes — that’s its core purpose |
| HTML/spam analysis UI | No — parse raw yourself | Yes — preview, HTML check, spam score |
| Price | Free | Free tier; paid plans for volume/teams |
| API key | None | Required |
| Account | None | Required |
| E2E signup tests (Playwright/Cypress) | Natural fit — form gets a real address | Needs SMTP config pointed at the trap |
| Production-config testing | Yes — no app changes needed | No — app must use sandbox SMTP credentials |